Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
Insulin dependent diabetes accounts for about 5 to 10 percent of all diagnosed diabetes and normally affect children and young adulthood.

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Type 1 Diabetes : Insulin-dependent diabetes
Type 1 diabetes - Insulin Dependent Diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or formerly called juvenile-onset diabetes accounts for about 5 to 10 percent of all diagnosed diabetes. Normally affect children and  young adulthood but can occur at any age.

Type 1 diabetes happen when pancreas doesn't produce insulin that regulates blood glucose due to autoimmune destruction. The body needs this hormone to convert food into energy. Without insulin, glucose (sugar) from the food you eat cannot enter cells, blood glucose levels become excessively high, a condition known as hyperglycemia.
 
There are two forms of type 1 diabetes:
Immune-mediated diabetes and Idiopathic type 1 diabetes

Patient with Type 1 diabetes must have daily injection to survive.

Risk Factor
The main risk factors include the following:

• Family Health History - You are at greater risk of having it, if your parents or siblings have type 1 diabetes. Genetic actors do play a role here.

• Autoimmune Conditions
  Type 1 diabetes is most commonly an autoimmune disease, caused by the body's immune system attacking the cells of the pancreas. You may be at a greater than average risk of developing type 1 diabetes if you have another autoimmune condition, such as: Hashimoto's disease, Grave's disease, Addison's disease and Pernicious anemia.

• Birth and Early Childhood Conditions
  The following may be risk factors for developing type 1 diabetes:

  • Born to an older mother

  • Born to a mother with preeclampsia during pregnancy

  • Early introduction of formula milk to infants.

• Ethnic Background
  If you are of Northern European or Mediterranean ancestry, you are at increased risk of having type 1 diabetes.

Symptoms
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes are caused by the build up of glucose in the blood and the lack of glucose in body cells. Symptoms of high blood sugar include the following:

• Weight loss

• Increased urination

• Extreme thirst 

• Hunger

• Fatigue, weakness

• Blurry vision

• Irritability

• Skin infections

• Wounds that don't heal

Complication
Some complications of type 1 diabetes include:
In the short-term: High blood sugar (hyperglycemia) and Low blood sugar, which can be a side effect of insulin therapy (hypoglycemia).
In the long-term: Blindness (retinopathy), Kidney disease (nephropathy), Heart disease (cardiovascular disease), Stroke, Nerve disease (neuropathy) , Impotence and early death.

Treatment
There isn't any cure for diabetes yet. The only thing patient can do is to control and maintain their blood sugar level within a healthful and ideal range. This can be done by a combination of insulin therapy, diet, and exercise.

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